Quality Improvement Essentials
Plan:
- Define the process: its start, end, and what it does
- Describe the process: list key tasks performed and sequence of steps, people involved, equipment used, environmental conditions, work methods, and materials used.
- Describe the players: external and internal clients and suppliers, and process operators
- Define the client experience: what the client wants, when, and where, for both internal and external clients
- Determine what historical data is available on process performance, or what data needs to be collected to better understand the process
- Describe the perceived problems associated with the process; for instance, failure to meet client expectation, excessive variation, long cycle times, etc.
- Identify the primary causes of the problems and their impacts on process performance
- Develop potential changes or solutions to the process problems, and evaluate how these changes or solutions will address the primary causes
- Select the most promising solution(s)
Do:
- Conduct a pilot study or experiment to test the impact of the potential solution(s)
- Identify measures to understand how any changes or solutions are successful in addressing the perceived problems
Study:
- Examine the results of the pilot study/experiment
- Determine whether the process performance has improved
- Identify further experimentation that may be necessary
Act:
- Select the best change or solution
- Develop an implementation plan: what needs to be done, who should be involved, and when the plan should be accomplished
- Standardize the solution, for example, by writing new standard operating procedures
- Establish a process to monitor and control process performance
Evans, James R., and Lindsay, William M. The Management and Control of Quality. Mason, Ohio: Thomson Publishing, 2005.